AIMS OF RESEARCH AS A SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITY (Source: https://explorable.com/aims-of-research#:~:text=The%20ultimate%20aims%20of%20research,the%20accumulation%20of%20human%20knowledge.) Observe and Describe Predict Determination of the Causes Explain The ultimate aim of research is to generate measurable and testable data, gradually adding to the accumulation of human knowledge. Ancient philosophers believed that all answers could be achieved through deduction and reasoning rather than measurement . Science now uses established research methods and standard protocols to test theories thoroughly. Scientific research allows us to test hypotheses and lay solid foundation for future research and study. No theory or hypothesis can ever be completely proved or disproved, but research enables us to make valid assumptions about the universe.This gradual accumulation of knowledge dictates the overall direction of science and philosophy . 1)Observation and Description: The first stag...
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Characteristics of the Scientific Method Replicability: Others should be able to independently replicate or repeat a scientific study and obtain similar, if not identical, results. Precision: Theoretical concepts, which are often hard to measure, must be defined with such precision that others can use those definitions to measure those concepts and test that theory. Falsifiability: A theory must be stated in a way that it can be disproven. Theories that cannot be tested or falsified are not scientific theories and any such knowledge is not scientific knowledge. A theory that is specified in imprecise terms or whose concepts are not accurately measurable cannot be tested, and is therefore not scientific. Parsimony: When there are multiple explanations of a phenomenon, scientists must always accept the simplest or logically most economical explanation. This concept is called parsimony. Parsimony prevents scientists from pursuing overly complex or outlandish theories with a...
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Scientific Method Scientific method is the technique used in the construction and testing of a scientific hypothesis . It is the process of observing, asking questions and seeking answers through tests and experiments. In a typical application of the scientific method, a researcher develops a hypothesis , tests it through various means, and then modifies the hypothesis on the basis of the outcome of the tests and experiments. The modified hypothesis is then retested, further modified, and tested again, until it becomes consistent with observed phenomena and testing outcomes. In this way, hypotheses serve as tools by which scientists gather data. From that data and the many different scientific investigations undertaken to explore hypotheses, scientists are able to develop broad general explanations, or scientific theories. Steps of the Scientific Method 1. Ask a Question: The scientific method starts when you ask a question about something that you...
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EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH · Educational research is a field of inquiry aimed at advancing knowledge of education and learning processes and development of the tools and methods necessary to support this endeavor. · Educational researchers aim to describe, understand and explain how learning takes place throughout the life cycle and how formal and informal processes of education affect learning, attainment, and the capacity to lead productive lives. · The purpose of educational research is to build cumulative and sound knowledge in the field of education. · There are a variety of disciplines which are each present to some degree in educational research. These include psychology , sociology , anthropology , and philosophy . · The findings of educational research also need to be interpreted within the context in which they were discovered as they may not be applicable in every time or place. CHARACTERISTICS OF EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH In his book enti...
WHAT IS RESEARCH?
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Research refers to creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of man, culture and society, and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications. The research process deals with the ways and strategies used by researchers to understand the world around us. It establishes or confirms facts, reaffirms the results of previous work, solves new or existing problems, supports & develops new theories A research project may also be an expansion of past work in the field. To test the validity of instruments, procedures or experiments. Research may replicate elements of prior projects, or the project as a whole. The following steps are usually part of most formal research, both basic and applied: 1.Observations and Formation of the topic: Consists of the subject area of one’s interest The subject area should not be randomly chosen A keen interest in the chosen subject area is advisa...